Radiator



July 28. 1931. T; E. MURRAY. 'JR 1,816,605

I RADIATOR Filed May 12., 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet l ":::i 5555552 55; 7 zzV48 j. JD 17 225 nventoz From/1:5 Maw/1r 6.

. July 28, 1931.

T. E. MURRAY, JR 1,816,605

RADIATOR Filed 'May 12, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 (inventor 00m:Eflfwrwwrc/k Patented July 28, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE THOMASE.MURRAY, JR.,'OF BROOKLYN, N EXV YORK, ASSIGNOR TO MURRAY'RADIATORCORPORATION, A CORPORATION OF NE? YORK RADIATOR Application filed May12, 1926. Serial No. 108,488.

In. an application of Thomas E. Murray, No; 709,080 filed April 26 1924,(Patent No. 1,744,078,. granted January 21, 1930), there is describedradiator designed to produce a 5 very much increased circulation of airas compared with radiators of the standard type and also to provide alarge heating capacity in proportion to the floor area and weight of theradiator, and having other advantages set forth in said application.

The present application is directed to certain improvements which areespecially advantageous in connection with radiators of the typedescribed in the aforesaid applicatibn and which are advantageous alsowith other types of radiator.

The accompanying drawings illustrate embodimentsof the invention.

Fig. 1 is'a side elevation of a complete ram diator;

Fig. 2 is an end: elevation ofthe same with a front panel: insection;

Fig. 3 i'sa side elevation of part of the radiator with a certain frontpanel omitted;

Fig. 4 is partly a plan and partly a section; of the righthand' endofthe same;

Fig. 5is a front elevationof'a modified construction;

Fig. 6' is'a partial plan. and a partial section 30 of an end of thesame with the addition of a front panel Fig..7'is apartial end elevationand a partial section of the same Fig. 8 is a perspective" View of theradiatin structure;

ig. 9is an elevation partly in section of a strip heater;

Fig; 1 0 is a view similar to Fig. 7 of a radiator made. with a stripheater.

Referring to the embodiment of the inven tion illustrated in Figs- 1' to8', the heating element is a steam conduit in the form of a con tinuousand preferablyjointless copper tube of comparatively small diameter.arranged in a. plurality of sections 1, 2, 3, 4, 5', (shown in Fig; 5)extending back and forth length- Wise of the radiator with bends- 6 atalternate ends. Heating elements of other types may be used such as thenarrow elongated electric resistance element of the co-pending Murrayapplication No. 96,699 filed March 23, 1926, for example. Such a designis illustrated in Figs. 9 and 10. The strip heater 1 is an elongatedmetal casing containing a strip of metal of high resistance connected tothe terminals 1. at opposite ends. But the present invention is ofparticular value in connection with the continuous tubing illustrated.Allsovarious other arrangements of the conduit may be provided and itmay be of copper as stated, or of wrought'iron, steel, brass or othersuitable metal. It is preferably enclosed in the radiating structureexcept at the projecting ends which carry "couplings 7 and 8 forattachment'to discharge and supply pipes.

' The. radiating structure is made of sheet metal, preferably thinsheets of copper, corrugated in the horizontal plane and embracing'theconduit at opposite sides with a good contact so; as to absorb heatefliciently therefrom, and in such a wayas to provide flues throughwhich the air ascends rapidly as it is heated.

Other metals than copper may be used for the radiating structure as wellas for the conduit, though copper has special advantages in conductingand radiating qualites and and thinness or lightness.

In plan view, Figs. 4 and 6, it will be seen finish at this point- Thesame principle may be applied at both ends, using separate plates whichoverlap or meet at an intermediate point. And, in fact, the-radiatingstructure may bemade up of various numbers of plates arranged in variousways.

The inner portions 9 of the radiating structure are brought into contactwith each other from opposite sides so as to form complete separateflues 12, 13, 14, and so forth, for the upward passage of the air. Theyalso embrace the pipe around its entire circumference as shown at inFig. 7. (Or the electric heater as at 15 in Fig. 10.) In order to dothis, the parts 4 are pressed out to the rounded shape shown at 15between the successive flues. In this operation the metal spreadslaterally as at 16, Fig. 8, so as to increase the contact surfacelengthwise of thepipe.

In building the radiator the pipe is bent in an ordinary bending machineand the sheets of metal are corrugated and stamped to the shape of Fig.8 in any usual or suitable machine. Solder, tin or similar material isapplied to the recesses 15. The parts are assembled and are then heatedand pressed to gether, yielding slightly as the solder softens so as tomake a good heat conducting joint over substantially all the meetingfaces of the radiating structure with the pipe.

There are many such joints in the entire radiator, so that the strain ofholding the parts together at each oint is comparatively slight. Thepipe supports the internal pres sure without any assistance from thesurrounding radiating structure. It is of advantagein manufacturing thatthe sections of the pipe are all parallel to each other. This makes itpossible to use a single pair of dies to make the oints along eachsection of the pipe in succession. Ordinary soldering will generally besulliciently strong, but the joints may be made by welding, brazing orother methods which make. a joint that is entirely external to the pipe.The described machine and process for making the radiators are coveredin a co-pending application of Murray & Hofl'er, No. 91,023, filed Febru' ary 27, 1926-.

r The surface area of the radiating structure can be substantiallyincreased by making slits 17 (Fig. 3) therein and bending out andstretching the metal in opposite directions at opposite sides of. eachslit. Each slit increases the radiating surface by the length of theslit times twice the thickness of the sheet. I have found this toincrease the efiiciency in somedesigns up to as much as 16%. Instead ofmerely bending out the metal in a direction transverse to its plane, theslits may be staggered and the metal stretched in a direction parallelto its plane, making what is known as expanded metal. Or the metal maybe bent as shown in the drawings and then with the aid of extra slitsmay be drawn out parallel with its plane to give a further increase ofarea and efiiciency. This slitting and bending or stretching makes aradiating structure which is particularly useful in forced draftradiators. For a neat appearance it is preferable to have the endportions 18 (Fig. 4) unbroken.

While the slitted metal illustrated does not entirely close the flues12, 13, it closes them sufliciently to maintain a draft upward.

In the design of Figs. 5, 6 and 7, the radiating structure is made of anunbroken sheet,

which saves something the ator. v V

I prefer to apply a panel 19 to the front of the radiating structure. Itimproves the apcost of the radipearancc and forms additionalflues20 andat the same time cuts off air which might pass through the slitted walls16 into the fines 12 and-13 directly from the side. The front panel maybe omitted, as in Fig. 5. It may be soldered, welded or brazedto theparts 11 of the radiating structure asshown in Fig. 4 or may be unitedby rivets 21 as shown in Figs.

6 and 'i'. It preferably has a flange 22 (F igJ The product is referredto in efficiencyulightness and compactness as an ordinary radiator forheating the air inva room, but structures made on the same principle maybe used notonly for transferring heat or cold from the heating elementto the air or other surrcunding medium, but equally for transferringheat or cold from the surrounding medium through the radiating structureto a fluid within the heating element, as in the case of condensers inrefrigerating plants, for example.

The radiator may be equally used for cool air by circulating cold brineor the like through the pipes so that the latter become a.

heating element only in the negative sense, that is, they extract heatfrom the radiating structure and induce a flow of the cool air downwardthrough the fines similar to-the upward circulation of the air inducedby the passage of steam through the pipes. I

The steam or other heating medium may be;

admitted one end of the pipe and discharged at the other as shown, ormaybe admitted and discharged through the same end as in the so-calledone-pipe radiators. And instead of using a tube for the heating elementa single boX or vessel may be used with.

advantage in connection with some, of the features of the presentimprovemei'it For example, a vessel may be used of the types shown inthe Murray applications Nos. 225,559, filed July 12, 1924 and 43,44filed July 14, 1925 (Patent No. 1,723,573, granted August6,1929). I

Various other modifications may be made by those skilled in the art wthoutdeparting' as a radiator, and it has peculiar advantages particulary.

from the invention as defined in the following claims.

W hat I claim 1. A radiator for heating the air of a room by steam orother high temperature heating medium comprising in combination acontinuous tube in a number of sections one above another extendinghorizontally lengthwise of the radiator and a radiating structureapplied to the sides thereof and corrugated in horizontal section, theinner portions of the corrugations substantially contacting with eachother to form separate adjacent vertical flues for the passage of airabout the tube and for inducing a rapid circulation of the heated air.

2. A radiator for heating the air of a room by steam or other hightemperature heating medium comprising in combination a con: tinuous tubein a plurality of sections one above another extending horizontallylength- Wise of the radiator and a radiating structure applied to thesides thereof and corrugated in horizontal section, the inner portionsof the corrugations substantially contacting With each other to formseparate adjacent vertical lines for the passage of air about the tubeand for inducing a rapid circulation of the heated air.

3. A radiator for heating the air of a room by steam or other hightemperature heating medium comprising in combination a continuous tubein a plurality of sections one above another extending horizontallylengthwise of the radiator and a radiating structure applied to thesides thereof and corrugated in horizontal section the inner portions ofthe corrugations substantially contacting with each other to formseparate adjacent vertical flues for the passage of air about the tubeand for inducing a rapid circulation of the heated air, the radiatingstructure being united to the tube by heat and pressure so as to conductheat away therefromrapidly.

4. A radiator-having a heating element and a radiating structure appliedto the sides thereof and composed of sheet metal corrugated inhorizontal section, the inner angles of the corrugated sheets engagingsaid heating element and the outer portions being slitted and stretchedto provide an increased surface.

5. A radiator having a heating element and a radiating structure appliedto the sides thereof and composed of sheet metal corrugated inhorizontal section, the inner angles of the corrugated sheets engagingsaid heating eiement and the outer portions being slitted and bent outof the normal plane of the sheet.

6. A radiator for heating the air of a room, said radiator having aheating element, a radiating structure applied to the sides thereofcorrugated in horizontal section to provide vertical flues for inducingav rapid circulacorrugated in horizontal section to provide.

vertical fines for inducing a rapid circulation of the heated air and apanel extending across the corrugated structure and having a flangeoverlyingrthe'top corners of said structure.

8. A radiator for heating air of a room by steam or other hightemperature heating medium comprising in combination a continuous tubein a plurality of sections one above another extending horizontallylengthwise of the radiator and a radiating structure united to the sidesthereof and forming vertical fiues Which are closed in cross-section soas to induce a rapid circulation of the heated air.

9. A radiator for heating the air of a room having a horizontallyextending heating element and a radiating structure applied to the sidesand corrugated in horizontal section to form vertically grooved frontand back surfaces of theheight and Width of the radiator said radiatingstructure being corrugated in horizontal section,- the inner portions ofthe corrugations substantially contacting With each other to formseparate adjacent vertical flues for the passage of air about theheating element and for inducing a rapid circulation of the heated air.7

10. A radiator for heating the air of a room, having a heating elementcomprising a series of horizontally extending sections one above anotherand a radiating structure applied to the sides of said sections andcorrugated in horizontal section to form vertically grooved front andback surfaces of the height and Width of the radiator, the innerportions of the corrugations substantially contacting With each other toform separate adjacent vertical flues for the passage of air about theheating element and for inducing a rapid circulation of the heated air.

11. A radiator for heating the air of a room by steam or other hightemperature heating medium comprising in combination a continuous tubeextending horizontally length- Wise of the radiator and a radiatingstructure applied to the sides thereof and corrugated in horizontalsection to form vertically grooved front and back surfaces of the heightand Width of the radiator, the inner portions of the corrugationssubstantially contacting With each other to form separate adjacentvertical fiues for the passage ofair about the tube and for inducing arapid circulation of the heated air.

12. A radiator for heating the air of a room, having a horizontallyextending heating element and a radiating structure applied to the sidesthereof, and corrugated in horizontal section, the inner portions of thecorrugations substantially contacting with each other to form separateadjacent Vertical fines for 5 the passage of air about the heatingelement and for inducing a rapid circulation of the heated air and apanel extending across the front one of said vertically grooved surfacesforming the exposed front face of the radi- 10 ator.

- In Witness whereof, I have hereunto signed my name.

THOMAS E. MURRAY, JR.

